Amino Acid May Help Stop Compulsive Hair-Pulling Condition | Latest Health and Medicine Studies

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Amino Acid May Help Stop Compulsive Hair-Pulling Condition

Written by MyBestHealthPortal.com Health News Wire

The amino acid N-acetylcysteine appears to reduce symptoms of compulsive hair-pulling in patients with a condition kn hair_pulling_condition

own as trichotillomania, according to a report in the July issue of Archives of General Psychiatry, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.

Trichotillomania - Hair Pulling Condition

"Trichotillomania is characterized by the recurrent pulling out of one's hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss; an increasing sense of tension immediately before pulling out the hair or when attempting to resist the behavior; and pleasure, gratification or relief when pulling out hair," the authors write.

Trichotillomania has been described for almost 200 years and researched for more than two decades, but there is currently no approved treatment for the condition, according to background information in the article.

Hair Pulling Treatment

The amino acid N-acetylcysteine has previously shown promise in the treatment of repetitive or compulsive disorders and acts on the glutamate system, the largest neurotransmitter system in the human brain, the authors note. N-acetylcysteine is an amino acid commonly available in health-food stores.

Hair Pulling Treatment Study

Jon E. Grant, J.D., M.D., M.P.H., and colleagues at the University Of Minnesota School Of Medicine, Minneapolis, conducted a 12-week, double-blind controlled trial of the medication among 50 individuals with trichotillomania (45 women and five men, average age 34.3 years). Twenty-five were randomly assigned to receive 1,200 milligrams to 2,400 milligrams of N-acetylcysteine per day for 12 weeks; the other 25 received placebo.

After 12 weeks, patients taking the active medication had significantly greater reductions in hair-pulling symptoms than those taking placebo. "Fifty-six percent of patients ‘much or very much improved' with N-acetylcysteine use compared with 16 percent taking placebo," the authors write. "Significant improvement was initially noted after nine weeks of N-acetylcysteine treatment." None of the participants reported adverse effects from the N-acetylcysteine treatment.

The magnitude of improvement observed in patients taking N-acetylcysteine was higher than that seen with other medications and similar to that reported for cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) alone or combined with medication, suggesting that N-acetylcysteine compares favorably with existing trichotillomania treatment options, the authors note. N-acetylcysteine efficacy lends further support to the hypothesis that therapies manipulating the glutamate system (called glutamatergic agents) may target core symptoms of compulsive behaviors, like those associated with N-acetylcysteine.

Hair Pulling Treatment Study Conclusion

"N-acetylcysteine is cheaper than most insurance co-payments and seems to be well-tolerated. N-acetylcysteine could be an effective treatment option for people with trichotillomania," according to the authors.

Future studies should evaluate long-term effects of N-acetylcysteine treatment for trichotillomania as well as its efficacy when N-acetylcysteine treatment for trichotillomania is combined with behavioral therapy, they conclude. "As effective treatments for hair pulling emerge, it becomes increasingly important that physicians and mental health care providers screen for trichotillomania to provide timely treatment."

Source: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009;66[7]:756-763